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<title>Ebuild file format — Gentoo Policy Guide documentation</title>
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<div class="section" id="ebuild-file-format">
<h1>Ebuild file format<a class="headerlink" href="#ebuild-file-format" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="coding-style">
<span id="index-0"></span><h2>Coding style<a class="headerlink" href="#coding-style" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Source</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>QA</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Reported</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>partially via repoman and pkgcheck</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>While Gentoo leaves most of the coding style choices to developers,
there are a few rules which we try to enforce. Those are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Always indent using a single tab for indentation level. Do not
attempt to align, as it will not work with different tab widths.</p></li>
<li><p>Whenever using named variables, use bracketed variable form, i.e.
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${foo}</span></code> rather than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$foo</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Use bash conditions <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[[</span> <span class="pre">...</span> <span class="pre">]]</span></code> rather than POSIX-ish <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[</span> <span class="pre">...</span> <span class="pre">]</span></code>
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">test</span></code> builtin.</p></li>
</ul>
<p><em>Rationale</em>: the recommended constructs are less error-prone.
Consistency avoids unnecessary changes when other developers edit
the ebuild.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="code-must-be-contained-within-ebuild-and-eclasses">
<span id="index-1"></span><h2>Code must be contained within ebuild and eclasses<a class="headerlink" href="#code-must-be-contained-within-ebuild-and-eclasses" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Source</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>QA</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Reference</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><a class="reference external" href="https://bugs.gentoo.org/612630">https://bugs.gentoo.org/612630</a></p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Reported</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>no</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The ebuild code must be fully contained within .ebuild and .eclass
files. It is forbidden to load additional ebuild code from other files
via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval</span></code> or any other possible method.</p>
<p>This affects historical use of ‘eblits’ to include phase functions from
external files. The eblits used by the few affected packages were
converted into eclasses.</p>
<p><em>Rationale</em>: moving ebuild code to non-standard locations is against
the principle of least surprise. It makes the maintenance harder,
confuses other developers and tools that do not explicitly account for
that possibility, including linting tools.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="homepage-must-not-contain-variables">
<span id="index-2"></span><h2>HOMEPAGE must not contain variables<a class="headerlink" href="#homepage-must-not-contain-variables" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Source</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>QA</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Reported</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>by pkgcheck, highlighted as error by gentoo-syntax</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HOMEPAGE</span></code> variable in ebuild must specify all the URIs verbatim,
without referring to any variables. Variable references are allowed
when setting generic values in eclasses.</p>
<p><em>Rationale</em>: since homepage URIs do not contain dynamic parts (such
as package versions), there is little advantage to using variables
there. On the other hand, variables render the URIs unusable without
preprocessing, breaking URI support in terminals and editors, as well
as reducing the usefulness of plain tools such as grep.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="src-uri-must-not-refer-to-homepage">
<span id="index-3"></span><h2>SRC_URI must not refer to HOMEPAGE<a class="headerlink" href="#src-uri-must-not-refer-to-homepage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Source</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>QA</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Reported</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>by pkgcheck</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SRC_URI</span></code> variable in ebuild must not refer to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${HOMEPAGE}</span></code>.
If both overlap, the common part must be repeated verbatim.</p>
<p><em>Rationale</em>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HOMEPAGE</span></code> permits multiple entries by design,
and developers are generally encouraged to add more helpful entries
(e.g. project pages on PyPI, GitHub…). Making individual URIs
incidentally depend on multi-valued variable having a single value
goes against the principle of least surprise. Furthermore, it makes
it hard to copy-paste part of the URI e.g. to investigate the directory
index.</p>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Ebuild file format</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#src-uri-must-not-refer-to-homepage">SRC_URI must not refer to HOMEPAGE</a></li>
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